Despite its historical and cultural links with Southeast Asia, India in its post-independence foreign policy largely tended to ignore the region. It was the end of the Cold War that brought this region back to the forefront of India’s foreign policy horizons. Since then, India’s “Look East” policy, which originally was primarily focused on trade and economics, has now attained a distinct security dimension.
As India’s economic linkages with various countries in the region have become more extensive, demands have grown for a gradual strengthening of security ties at a time of China’s rapid rise. Smaller states in the region could now look to India to act as a balancer in view of China’s growing influence amidst a broader leadership vacuum in the region, the Obama administration’s “Asia-Pacific pivot” notwithstanding.